MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE: MIDTERM DATE FEBRUARY 5TH

 You need to bring a blue book. You do not need a scantron.

I.               MULTIPLE CHOICE: 50%

There will be 27 questions. You will answer 25 of them.

Here is an example of a multiple-choice question to show you the level of detail needed for this exam:

The French and Indian War ended with the

a. Treaty of Paris of 1763
b. Treaty of Paris of 1783
c. Treaty of Paris of 1898
d. Treaty of Versailles

II.             ESSAY: 50% One of following essay questions will appear on the exam..

1.     In considering the causes of the American Revolution, we have examined the impact of events (such as the Stamp Act or the Boston Tea Party) and ideas (such as tyranny or freedom). Discuss both events and ideas as causes of the American Revolution. Which do you think had a more important role in causing this war?

2.     How would you as an 18^th century colonist have responded to The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin and Common Sense? Explain how each book displayed the tension of the 1700s. Be sure to consider specific events in your answer (such as the Paxton Boys or the Stamp Act). You may write this in the first person.

3.     How did the colonies change from the early colonies, through the middle times, to the end of the Revolution?

    HOW TO STUDY FOR THIS EXAM:

Ø  Make outlines. Make sure that your outlines have way too much detail, way more than any normal human could ever remember. Remember, you cannot bring these to the exam, but you can MEMORIZE what is on them and use the detail on the exam. Do not, I repeat, do not simply "look over" your notes. That is a recipe for failure;

Ø  Study the outlines you make. Try to write them word for word without looking at the original. Fill in the gaps where you did not recall something. Do it again. Walk around your study area speaking the outline, looking down only when you need to for a quick reminder of the detail. Speak it again. Write it again…and most of all, have fun;

Ø  Fill in the gaps in your notes and add detail where you lack it. To do this, use a textbook or an online source;

Ø  Come to my office to ask questions, to show me outlines, or just to chat;

Ø  Follow Napoleon’s advice: “In planning a campaign I purposely exaggerate all the dangers and all the calamities that the circumstances make possible.” In essence, overprepare!

SCHEDULE UPDATE

Greetings, good 231 people!

Here is a new schedule.
On the 22 we will discuss Franklin...enjoy the book.

On the 29th we will discuss Common Sense. It is a short read but a difficult one. Here is what to look for as you read:

Read the pamphlet quickly. Easier said than done, right? But do not try to capture every word or every nuance. Get the sense of what Paine is urging the colonists to do. It may help to think about the following questions as you read. 

1. Does Paine present a compelling argument for an American declaration of independence? What are his best and most convincing assertions that might lead someone to be for the patriot cause?

2. Discuss Paine's view of the connection between religion and government.

3. A loyalist is someone who wanted the colonies to remain British. Loyalists were against the American Revolution and thought the colonies were better off solving their problems and being loyal British subjects. How do you think a loyalist would react to Paine's arguments? 

FINALLY, JUST A GENTLE GENERAL REMINDER. These book days are the essence of the course, the essence of good college thinking, in fact. Bring your book (or an electronic copy of it), and come prepared to grapple with the ideas therein! Prepare yourself for an engaging conversation! 

Have a great MLK day!

dr. s

Mid Century Challenges

I. Great Awakening:   

Religious movements characterized by conversions that people called “new birth”

There is nothing that keeps wicked men, at any one moment, out of hell, but the mere pleasure of God.

That world of misery, that lake of burning brimstone[1] is extended abroad under you. There is the dreadful pit of the glowing flames of the wrath of God; there is hell's wide gaping mouth open; and you have nothing to stand upon, nor any thing to take hold of: there is nothing between you and hell but the air; ‘tis only the power and mere pleasure of God that holds you up.

Your wickedness makes you as it were heavy as lead, and to tend downwards with great weight and pressure towards hell; and if God should let you go, you would immediately sink and swiftly descend and plunge into the bottomless gulf, and your healthy constitution, and your own care and prudence, and best contrivance, and all your righteousness, would have no more influence to uphold you and keep you out of hell, than a spider's web would have to stop a falling rock.

The bow of God's wrath is bent, and the arrow made ready on the string, and Justice bends the arrow at your heart, and strains the bow, and it is nothing but the mere pleasure of God, and that of an angry God, without any promise or obligation at all, that keeps the arrow one moment from being made drunk with your blood.

The God that holds you over the pit of hell, much as one holds a spider, or some loathsome insect, over the fire, abhors you, and is dreadfully provoked; his wrath towards you burns like fire; he looks upon you as worthy of nothing else, but to be cast into the fire; he is of purer eyes than to bear to have you in his sight; you are ten thousand times so abominable in his eyes as the most hateful venomous serpent is in ours. You have offended him infinitely more than ever a stubborn rebel did his prince; and yet ‘tis nothing but his hand that holds you from falling into the fire every moment.

George Whitefield

"Father Abraham, whom have you in heaven? Any Episcopalians? No! Any Presbyterians? No! Any Independents or Methodists? No, No No! Whom have you there? We don't know those names here. All who are here are Christians...Oh, is this the case? The God help us to forget your party names and to become Christians in deed and truth." GW

How is the Great Awakening a challenge to British authority?

II. French and Indian War

“play off” system

                   Battle of Quebec:

                                           Sept. 13, 1759

50 warships

                                                       200 transport ships

                                                       8500 men

                               General James Wolfe:

“The paths of glory lead but to the grave.”

How is the French and Indian War a challenge to British authority?

III. Economic Shift

What is industrialism and how does it change the historical trajectory of the world?

IV. Land Conflicts

       A. Susquehannah Company

                               (Pennamite Wars)

       B. Paxton Boys

C. South Carolina Regulators

D. North Carolina Regulators

E. The Boston Fire of 1760

V. The Great Migration of 1773

From 1763 to 1776 there was an influx of immigrants into British North America:

55,000 Protestant Irish

                   40,000 Scots

                   30,000 English

                   12,000 Germans (mostly to Philadelphia)

                   84,500 enslaved Africans

How might this immigration alter the historical trajectory of the colonies?

By the way, total population of the

13 colonies was about 2.5 million…

and the largest city in the colonies in 1776 is Philadelphia with 25,000.

…one example, a family of four from Heuchelheim, Germany.

V. The American Enlightenment:

VI. Significance

The Duties of Children to their Parents, by Cotton Mather (1700)

Come, Ye Children, Hearken to me; I will tell you, what you shall do, that your Parents may be Happy in you, and that your own Happiness may be secured and increased. Oftentimes the Fathers have the Wisdom to keep up their Authority, and keep themselves above the Contempt of their Children. But the Mothers do more frequently by their Fondness, and Weakness, bring upon themselves, the Contempt of their Children, and Lay themselves Low, by many Impertinencies. The Fifth Commandment stands in the Front of all Six, upon the Second Table of the Law. Children, If you break the Fifth Commandment, there is not much Likelihood, that you will keep the rest; No, there is Hazard, that the Curse of God, will give you up to break every one of them all. Undutiful Children soon become horrid Creatures, for Unchastity, for Dishonesty, for Lying, and all manner of Abominations: And the Contempt which they cast upon the Advice of their Parents, is one thing that pulls down this Curse of God upon them. They who sin against their Parents, are sometimes by God given up to Sin against all the world beside. Mind the Most Scandalous Instances of Wickedness and Villainy; You'll ordinarily find, they were first Undutiful Children, before they fell into the rest of their atrocious Wickedness.Death; Yea, an Early Death, and a Woeful Death, is not seldom the Curse of God upon Undutiful Children for their being so. It is the Tenour of the Precept, Honour thy Father and thy Mother, that thy Days may be long upon the Land. Mind it, Children; Your Days are not like to be long upon the Land, if you Set Light by your Father or Mother. Undutiful Children are Unnatural Children; And the Curse of God sometimes gives over Unnatural Children to commit the most Unnatural Murders. They have Murdered themselves, and been Self-Destroyers: As they have Sinn'd against Nature, so they Die the most against Nature, that can be. The Ungodly Youths in the Town do horribly poison one another. These youths cry up an Indifferency in Religion, and say, 'Tis out of fashion for a man to be of one Religion more than another; that is, in reality to say, 'Tis out of fashion to be of any Religion at all. So they insensibly draw one another on, to deride Seriousness in Religion, and the most Serious and Lively Preachers of it; Until they become Idle, Profane, Sottish Debauchees, and betimes Ripe for the Fiery Indignation of God.